نشانگرهای عنصر ارزشیابی در برنامه درسی توانمندساز در راستای اشتغال‌زایی دانش‌آموختگان و میزان توجه به آن‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه نوآوری آموزشی و درسی، موسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه نوآوری آموزشی و درسی، موسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه آموزشی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران. ایران.

10.30473/t-edu.2025.74239.1268

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی نشانگرهای عنصر ارزشیابی در برنامه درسی توانمندساز در راستای اشتغال‌زایی دانش‌آموختگان و میزان توجه به نشانگرها انجام شد. این پژوهش با هدف کاربردی، ماهیت عمل‌گرایی، رویکرد آمیخته از نوع اکتشافی متوالی صورت پذیرفت. در بخش کیفی پژوهش از روش پدیدارشناسی و در بخش کمی از روش توصیفی - پیمایشی استفاده شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان بخش کیفی شامل خبرگان و متخصصان آموزش‌عالی بودند که با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد نمونه‌گیری هدفمند از نوع موارد مطلوب و گلوله‌برفی و معیار کفایت نظری، 23 نفر انتخاب شدند. در بخش کمی پژوهش با استفاده روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای نسبی 275 نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات در بخش کیفی مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و در بخش کمی، پرسش‌نامه مستخرج از بخش کیفی پژوهش بود. اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده در بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون و در بخش کمی با استفاده از روش‌های تحلیل آماری توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف‌معیار) و استنباطی (آزمون t تک‌نمونه‌ای و آزمون مانوا) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌های بخش کیفی پژوهش نشان داد مهم‌ترین نشانگرها شامل موقعیتی بودن ارزشیابی، توجه به آزمون‌های عملکردی به‌جای آزمون‌های کتبی، تأکید بر فعالیت‌های عملی و تیمی، تناسب نوع ارزشیابی با اهداف و محتوای دروس، ارائه بازخورد مستمر و دوره‌ای به دانشجویان برای تقویت عملکرد آنها، ارزشیابی یادگیری دانشجویان بر اساس مسئولیت آنها در گروه‌های یادگیری، شفافیت و عدالت در معیارها و طراحی ارزشیابی‌ها، تأکید بر یادگیری از ارزشیابی‌ها، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی دانشجویان و ارزشیابی بر مبنای توانمندی‌های شغلی بود. یافته‌های بخش کمی نشان داد میزان توجه به نشانگرها در رشته‌های علوم‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی مطلوب نیست و نیاز به توجه بیشتری دارد. در نهایت می‌توان گفت تحقق برنامه درسی توانمندساز مستلزم عبور از ارزشیابی‌های سنتی و توجه به روش‌های متنوع، عادلانه و یادگیری‌محور است تا زمینه ارتقای کیفیت آموزش و افزایش قابلیت اشتغال دانش‌آموختگان فراهم شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Indicators of the Evaluation Element in the Empowering Curriculum Aimed at Job Creation for Graduates and the Level of Attention Given to Them

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Bagherian Far 1
  • Seyedeh Maryam Hosseinilargani 2
  • Mehran Azizi Mahmoodabad 3
1 Assistant Professor Department of Educational and Curriculum Innovations Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum and Innovation Educational , Higher education research and Planning Institute, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The present study was conducted with the purpose of identifying indicators of the evaluation element in the empowering curriculum in line with the employment of graduates and the level of attention to the indicators. This study was conducted with an applied purpose, a pragmatic nature, and a mixed approach of sequential exploratory type. In the qualitative part of the research, the phenomenological method was used, and in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The participants in the qualitative part included experts and specialists in higher education, who were selected using a purposive sampling approach of desirable cases and snowball types and the theoretical adequacy criterion. In the quantitative part of the research, 275 people were selected using a relative stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire extracted from the qualitative part of the research. The information obtained in the qualitative section was analyzed using the content analysis method and in the quantitative section using descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential (one-sample t-test and MANOVA test) statistical analysis methods.The findings of the qualitative section revealed that the most important indicators included the situational nature of evaluation, emphasis on performance-based tests instead of written exams, a focus on practical and team activities, the alignment of the type of evaluation with course objectives and content, providing continuous and periodic feedback to students to enhance their performance, evaluating students' learning based on their responsibilities within learning groups, transparency and fairness in criteria and evaluation design, emphasizing learning from evaluations, attention to individual student differences, and evaluating based on professional competencies. The findings of the quantitative section indicated that the level of attention to the indicators in the fields of educational sciences and psychology is not satisfactory and requires greater attention. In conclusion, the realization of an empowering curriculum necessitates moving beyond traditional assessments and embracing diverse, equitable, and learning-centered approaches to enhance the quality of education and improve the employability of graduates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Empowering Curriculum
  • Job Creation
  • Evaluation
  • Expertise

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 فروردین 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 23 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1404

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