حفظ کرامت انسانی در عصر هوش مصنوعی: دیدگاه‌های قرآنی و چالش‌های اخلاقی

نوع مقاله : ویژه‌نامه زمستان ۱۴۰۴

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی سازمان پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزشی

2 استادیارگروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 گروه آموزش علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی ۸۸۹-۱۴۶۶۵ تهران، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی چالش‌های اخلاقی حفظ کرامت انسانی در عصر هوش مصنوعی می‌پردازد و هدف اصلی آن تأکید بر ضرورت پاسداشت کرامت انسان در کاربردهای این فناوری نوین است. با توجه به گسترش استفاده از هوش مصنوعی در حوزه‌هایی چون قضاوت، پزشکی و آموزش، تهدیداتی نظیر تبعیض الگوریتمی، نقض حریم خصوصی و کاهش اختیار و عاملیت انسانی پدید آمده است. این پژوهش با استناد به آموزه‌های قرآنی «تکریم بنی‌آدم» و «خلیفه‌الله» نشان می‌دهد که حفظ کرامت انسانی باید مبنای مواجهه اخلاقی با فناوری‌های نوین باشد.روش تحقیق، تحلیل مضمون است و جامعه آماری آن مجموعه‌ای از منابع دینی و علمی شامل قرآن کریم، روایات معتبر، تفاسیر، متون فقهی و اخلاق اسلامی، و نیز ادبیات معاصر فلسفی و علمی در حوزه اخلاق فناوری و هوش مصنوعی را در برمی‌گیرد. نمونه‌ها به‌صورت هدفمند و نظری انتخاب و ازنظر کیفیت و میزان ارتباط ارزیابی شدند. داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزارهای مدیریت منابع مانند اندنوت و پایگاه‌های تخصصی داخلی و خارجی ساماندهی و سپس با نرم‌افزار مکس‌کیودیای تحلیل شدند. فرآیند تحلیل شامل کدگذاری باز، محوری و مضمون‌محور بود که به استخراج مضمون‌های کلی و جزئی انجامید. اصول پیشینی قرآنی و فقهی مرتبط باکرامت، عدالت، مسئولیت‌پذیری و حفظ حریم خصوصی چارچوب مفهومی تحلیل را شکل دادند.اعتبار تحلیل از طریق کدگذاری مجدد مستقل و محاسبه شاخص توافق کدگذاران با ضریب کاپای کوهن (82/0) تأیید شد و مستندسازی کامل با ماتریس کد–منبع، شفافیت و قابلیت ردیابی داده‌ها را تضمین کرد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که اصول قرآنی کرامت، عدالت و مسئولیت می‌توانند مبنای طراحی اخلاقی هوش مصنوعی قرار گیرند و از پیامدهایی چون تبعیض و تضعیف اختیار انسان جلوگیری کنند. درنهایت، پژوهش تأکید می‌کند که تلفیق آموزه‌های قرآنی با استانداردهای فنی و اخلاقی روز، هوش مصنوعی را به ابزاری در خدمت تعالی معنوی، عدالت اجتماعی و حفظ کرامت انسانی بدل می‌سازد و آموزش عمومی در این زمینه نقشی اساسی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Preserving Human Dignity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Quranic Perspectives and Ethical Challenges

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nayereh Shahmohammadi 1
  • Parvaneh Mehrjoo 2
  • Esmaeil Rahimi 3
1 Associate Professor and Faculty Member at the Educational Research and Planning Organization
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences Payame Noor University
3 Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study explores the ethical challenges of preserving human dignity in the age of artificial intelligence, aiming to emphasize the necessity of safeguarding human dignity in the applications of this emerging technology. With the increasing use of artificial intelligence in sensitive domains such as judicial decision making, medicine, and education, significant ethical risks have emerged, including algorithmic discrimination, violations of privacy, and the erosion of human autonomy and agency. Drawing on the Qur’anic teachings of takrim bani Adam, the honoring of humankind, and the concept of khalifat Allah, which views human beings as God’s vicegerents on earth, the study argues that preserving human dignity must form the ethical foundation for engaging with modern technologies. The research adopts a thematic analysis methodology. The study corpus consists of diverse religious and academic sources, including the Holy Quran, authoritative narrations, Qur’anic exegeses, jurisprudential texts, works on Islamic ethics, and contemporary philosophical and scientific literature on technology ethics and artificial intelligence. Sources were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling and evaluated in terms of quality and relevance. Data were organized using reference management software such as EndNote and specialized national and international databases, and subsequently analyzed using MAXQDA software. The analytical process involved open coding, axial coding, and thematic coding, leading to the extraction of overarching themes and subsidiary categories. A priori Qur’anic and jurisprudential principles related to human dignity, justice, responsibility, and the protection of privacy constituted the conceptual framework guiding the analysis. The credibility of the findings was ensured through independent recoding and the calculation of inter coder agreement using Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 0.82, indicating reliability. Documentation through a code source matrix enhanced transparency. The findings demonstrate that Qur’anic principles of dignity, justice and responsibility provide an ethical framework for designing artificial intelligence, pevrenting discrimination, protecting privacy and preserving human agency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human Dignity
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Quranic Ethics
  • Ethical Challenges

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فناوری و دانش پژوهی در تعلیم و تربیت
دوره 5، ویژه نامه زمستان - شماره پیاپی 19
"هوش مصنوعی و تحول در آموزش و یادگیری"
بهمن 1404
صفحه 113-129

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 دی 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 30 دی 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1404

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