The Identification of Technological Infrastructures in the Physical Space of the Hidden Curriculum in Iranian Schools

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Sport Management, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Sport Management Payam Noor University,Tehran,Iran

3 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the technological infrastructures within the physical space of the hidden curriculum in Iranian schools. The research method employed a qualitative and descriptive approach, was applied purposefully, and was based on a secondary study using a systematic review. The research population included all relevant articles published in domestic journals found in Persian-language academic databases such as SID, Magiran, Noormags, and Ensani database, which covered the period from 2005 to 2025, the year of writing the article. The research sample included 28 articles selected based on five inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was a researcher-made evaluation form, whose face and content validity were confirmed by education experts. To ensure the reliability of the findings, Scott's test was used, yielding an 80% agreement rate between coders. The findings were categorized into three areas: classroom space, general schoolyard space, and other locations. Most elements were studied in the classroom, and among all elements, wall slogans in schools were the most frequently mentioned. Increasing the use of technology in the physical environment of schools can enhance learners’ interaction with the physical structure, promote agility, contribute to cost-efficiency, and help convey subtle positive messages.

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History

  • Receive Date: 15 March 2025
  • Revise Date: 20 July 2025
  • Accept Date: 28 July 2025
  • First Publish Date: 04 August 2025
  • Publish Date: 22 June 2026

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